原文
朋友死,无所归,曰:“于我殡。”
译文
朋友去世,若无家人料理后事,孔子便说:"丧葬之事,由我来承办。"参加国君祭祀所得的肉,不留过夜;自家祭祀所用的肉,不留过三日,超过三日便不再食用。
ENGLISH
When a friend died and had no one to attend to the funeral rites, the Master said, "The burial shall be my responsibility." Meat received from the lord's sacrifices was not kept overnight. Meat from his own family sacrifices was not kept beyond three days; after three days had passed, he would not eat of it.
注释展开注释收起注释
①殡:停放灵柩和埋葬都可以叫殡。这里泛指一切丧葬事务。
祭于公,不宿肉。
公家祭祀的肉,祭祀完毕,就要分出去,不会留到第二天再分,为什么?因为公家祭祀的肉,是昨天早上宰杀性口就进行了祭典。第二天又祭。第二天祭祀完毕,就已经两天了,要马上分出去,否则肉就变味,腐烂,坏掉了,没办法吃了。
祭肉不出三日。
祭祀用的肉不是扔掉了,而最后还是要吃了,不要浪费。三天之内,必须吃掉。我小时候在农村,就有这个经验,祭祀用的肉,如果时间长了,肯定发臭,最后就吃不得了,强行吃下去,会影响健康。
古代没有冰箱,很难长期保证肉类不腐败。
出三日,不食之矣。
祭祀的肉,放了三天以上,就不吃了。