論語
颜渊

第315章

12.22
原文
(fán)(chí)(wèn)(rén)()(yuē)(ài)(rén)(wèn)(zhì)()(yuē)(zhì)(rén)(fán)(chí)(wèi)()()(yuē)()(zhí)(cuò)(zhū)(wǎng)(néng)使(shǐ)(wǎng)(zhě)(zhí)(fán)(chí)退(tuì)(jiàn)()(xià)(yuē)(xiāng)()()(jiàn)()()()(ér)(wèn)(zhì)()(yuē)()(zhí)(cuò)(zhū)(wǎng)(néng)使(shǐ)(wǎng)(zhě)(zhí)()(wèi)()()(xià)(yuē)()(zāi)(yán)()(shùn)(yǒu)(tiān)(xià)(xuǎn)()(zhòng)()(gāo)(táo)()(rén)(zhě)(yuǎn)()(tāng)(yǒu)(tiān)(xià)(xuǎn)()(zhòng)()()(yǐn)()(rén)(zhě)(yuǎn)()
译文
樊迟问什么是仁,孔子说:「爱护他人。」又问什么是智,孔子说:「了解他人。」樊迟还不能完全领会,孔子说:「把正直的人提拔出来,安置在邪曲的人之上,就能使邪曲的人变得正直。」樊迟退出后,去见子夏,说:「刚才我去见夫子,请问什么是智,夫子说:'把正直的人提拔出来,安置在邪曲的人之上,就能使邪曲的人变得正直。'这是什么意思呢?」子夏说:「这话含义多么深厚啊!舜拥有天下,从众人之中加以选拔,举用了皋陶,那些不仁的人便远离而去了。汤拥有天下,从众人之中加以选拔,举用了伊尹,那些不仁的人便远离而去了。」
ENGLISH

Fanchi asked about benevolence. The Master said, "Love others." He asked about wisdom. The Master said, "Know others." Fanchi did not fully grasp this. The Master said, "Raise up the upright and place them above the crooked, and you will be able to make the crooked upright." Fanchi withdrew and went to see Zixia, saying, "A moment ago I had an audience with the Master and asked about wisdom. The Master said: 'Raise up the upright and place them above the crooked, and you will be able to make the crooked upright.' What does this mean?" Zixia said, "How rich in meaning these words are! When Shun possessed the empire, he selected from among the multitude and raised up Gaoyao, and those who lacked benevolence kept their distance. When Tang possessed the empire, he selected from among the multitude and raised up Yi Yin, and those who lacked benevolence kept their distance."

注释
展开注释
①举直错诸枉:把正直的人摆在邪恶的人的上面,即选用贤人,罢黜坏人。错,通“措",安置。 ②乡(xiàng):同“向"'过去。 ③见(xiàn)于.被接见。 ④皋(gāo)陶(yáo):舜时的贤。 ⑤伊尹:商汤时辅相。 季康子又来问孔子,说,我把无道的坏人都杀了,这样就只有有道的好人了。这样行吗?孔子说,您治理政治,为什么非要用杀呢?您想做一个好人一个善良的人,人们自然就跟着您学了。君子的德行啊,就像风一样,小人的德行,就如同风下面的草。君子的风往哪边吹,小人这根草就向哪边倒啊。坏人太多,其实就是您的风吹向了坏人那边,您这个风是坏风。您想要好人多您先管好自己的德行,您自己善良了,下面的人就善良了。 这季康子治理不好国家,坏人多,老是怪罪这些坏人,岂不知,自已就是坏人头子,大家是跟着他学的,上行下效而已。一个人讨厌他所处的环境本质是讨厌他自己。 比如,一个人贫穷,他讨厌贫穷,他想消灭贫穷,其实啊,这贫穷是他自己造成的。一个人善良、勤奋、努力工作,善待合作伙伴,找机会不断地学习,这个人不太可能贫穷。 选择从情绪上讨厌环境,讨厌别人是容易的,但这没什么意义,真正需要改变的是自己。而我们很多人不愿意改变自己,就想改变自己周围的环境、人际关系,这是不可能的。只有当我们自己向善,改变了,我们周围的环境,才可能向善、改变。自己改变多少,周围的环境就改变多少。所以,一切都是自己的事情,一切都要从内心深处找答案。 佛在灵山莫远求,灵山只在汝心头。 人人有个灵山塔,好向灵山塔下修。