論語
八佾

第62章

3.22
原文
()(yuē)(guǎn)(zhòng)(zhī)()(xiǎo)(zāi)(huò)(yuē)(guǎn)(zhòng)(jiǎn)()(yuē)(guǎn)(shì)(yǒu)(sān)(guī)(guān)(shì)()(shè)(yān)()(jiǎn)(rán)()(guǎn)(zhòng)(zhī)()()"(yuē)(bāng)(jūn)(shù)(sāi)(mén)(guǎn)(shì)()(shù)(sāi)(mén)(bāng)(jūn)(wéi)(liǎng)(jūn)(zhī)(hǎo)(yǒu)(fǎn)(diàn)(guǎn)(shì)()(yǒu)(fǎn)(diàn)(guǎn)(shì)(ér)(zhī)()(shú)()(zhī)()
译文
孔子说:「管仲的器量格局小啊!」有人问道:「管仲节俭吗?」孔子说:「管仲拥有三处宅院,家臣各司一职、从不兼任,这哪里谈得上节俭呢?」那人又问:「那么管仲知礼吗?」孔子说:「诸侯国君在大门前立塞门以隔内外,管仲也在门前立塞门;诸侯国君宴请他国国君,设有放置空杯的反坫台,管仲也设有反坫台。若说管仲知礼,那天下还有谁不知礼呢?」
ENGLISH

The Master said: "Guan Zhong was a man of small capacity indeed!" Someone asked: "Was Guan Zhong frugal?" The Master replied: "Guan Zhong maintained three separate residences, and his household staff held single offices without doubling up in duties — how could he be called frugal?" The person then asked: "Did Guan Zhong at least know propriety?" The Master said: "The rulers of states erect a screen wall before their gates; Guan Zhong likewise erected a screen wall before his gate. When rulers of states host a gathering of lords, they have a stand upon which to set the returned wine cups; Guan Zhong likewise had such a stand. If Guan Zhong is to be considered versed in propriety, then who is not versed in propriety?"

注释
展开注释
①管仲:名夷吾,齐桓公时的宰相,辅助齐桓公成为诸侯的霸主。 ②三归:三处豪华的公馆。 ③摄.兼任。 ④树:树立。塞门:在大门囗筑的一道短墙,以别内外,相当于屏风、照壁等。 ⑤反坫(diàn):古代君主招待别国国君时,放置献过酒的空杯子的土台。 孔子说,管仲这个人气局小。为什么呢?因为管仲虽然本事大,帮助齐桓公称霸,也给中国带来了和平,给人民带来了安乐。但是他没有行王道,没有让天下永远的太平下去。管仲这个人是典型的只管现在过得好,不管未来的人。管仲的才干非常大,他有本事把一个国家经营好,也有很好的机会。齐桓公给予他足够的信任,管仲这个人让人民富裕,让国家兵力强大,还不通过打仗,就让别的国家承认齐国的霸主地位,是非常有智慧,有本事的人。但是管仲只图自己享受,并没有形成一个王道制度流传下去,甚至也没有培养好接班人。所以等到管仲死了,齐国就开始出现问题。齐桓公也没有得到善终。这是非常可惜的。 所以孔子有了这个感叹,这其实不算是批评,因为管仲已经很有能力了,只能说是一个期望吧。希望以后如果有人有管仲这么好的机会,有这么强的能力,一定要形成一套王道制度,不仅仅自己在世的时候,能把国家经营好,就算自己死了也要泽被后世。